Climate : Temperate
Amol (Persian: آمل – [ɒˈmol]; About this sound pronunciation (help·info); also Romanized as Āmol and Amul) is a city in and the administrative center of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
At the 2006 census, the population of the city proper was 197,470, in 55,183 families.
Amol is located on the Haraz river bank. It is less than 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the Caspian sea and less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the Alborz mountains.
It is 180 kilometres (110 mi) from Tehran, and 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of the provincial administrative center, Sari.
Amol is an old city, with a history dating back to the Amards.
Amards were the people inhabiting the area before the arrival of Aryans, who had migrated to and settled on the Iranian Plateau from the late 2nd millennium BCE to early 1st millennium BCE.
Many scholars believe that the city's name is rooted in the word Amard (Amui in Pahlavi).
According to historical literature, Amol was the capital of Mazandaran, at least in the period starting from the 3rd century CE under Sassanian Empire to the 13/14th century CE under the Ilkhanate dynasty of Mongol Empire.
Some historians in the past have associated this ancient city with the periods of the first Persian mythological dynasties of Aryan people, the Pishdadians and the Kianians.
The inhabitants of Amol embraced Islam during the reign of Mahdi (775–785 CE), the Abbasi Caliph, after which Islamic structures came into focus here.
After the Mongol invasion, the region was subject to devastation and it was during this time that Sary was declared as capital.
In the beginning of the 7th century AH (14th century CE), Hessam-edin Ardeshir, shifted the capital from Sary to Amol, and constructed his palace there.
But in 795 AH (1392/1393 AD), the cities of Amol and Sary were plundered by Amir Teimoor Gurkani, and thereafter Amol suffered a setback.
The great Islamic scholar and religious personality (translator of The Holy Qoran), Mohammad Ebne Jarir Tabari is from Amol.
The modern city of Amol stands to the north of the site of the ancient city.
In January 1982 Amol was the site of a failed armed insurrection against Iran's Islamist government by Sarbedaran, the armed wing of the Union of Iranian Communists.
Today, Amol is a thriving modern metropolis.
Reference: www.wikipedia.org
